Iran’s proposal to end the war: what does the 14-point plan include and what does the nuclear program look like?

The demands of Iran manifested in the 14 point plan They clash with the central priority of the United States and its ally Israel: the end of the Iranian nuclear program and the delivery of the 440 kilos of uranium enriched to 60% that the Islamic Republic possesses. Tehran prefers that this issue be addressed in a second stage, once the end of the war has been signed.

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On the other hand, in addition to the end of the war, The Iranian plan is focused on lifting the naval blockade, guarantees of non-aggression, withdrawal of US forces and relief from international sanctions. Everything should be completed within a maximum period of 30 days.

The plan of Iran is a response to the nine-point proposal of USA of which there are no further details but which would focus on extending the ceasefire for up to two months.

The war between the United States and Israel against Iran began on February 28. Since April 8, a cease-firewhich was recently extended by Trump indefinitely.

These are the 14 points of Iran’s plan revealed by the semi-official Tasnim agency:

1. Definitive end of the war

Not only prolong the truce, but formally close the conflict.

2. Total and permanent ceasefire

With mechanisms to prevent the resumption of hostilities.

3. Non-aggression guarantees

Mutual commitment not to carry out new attacks.

4. Withdrawal of US troops

Departure of US forces from areas near Iran.

5. Lifting of the naval blockade

End of the siege in the Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz.

6. Free navigation and reopening of Hormuz

Reestablish international maritime transit.

7. Lifting of economic sanctions

Remove financial restrictions against Iran.

8. Return of frozen assets

Release billions held abroad.

9. Economic compensations

The US should pay for war damages.

10. End of hostilities in regional scenarios

It includes fronts like Lebanon.

11. New mechanism to manage the Strait of Hormuz

Possible international or regional control system.

12. Regional security guarantees

Avoid future military escalations in the Middle East.

13. Recognition of Iranian strategic rights

It includes, according to some versions, its right to uranium enrichment.

14. Implementation of the agreement within a negotiated period (30 days)

The deadline would be to agree on how to implement the pact, not necessarily to end the war itself.

The nuclear issue remains for a later phase once the war is over.

Without touching on nuclear, an agreement is uncertain

The international analyst Francesco Tucci, professor of Political Science and International Relations at the UPC, considers that Iran’s 14-point plan responds to a “pragmatic” approach, but with little chance of immediate success because it avoids addressing the heart of the conflict: the nuclear program.

“The plan is quite pragmatic, but it goes against the declared intentions of the United States and Israel. It is difficult for it to be successful now, because it does not address the central point of the conflict“, he states to The Commerce.

As he explains, Both the United States and Israel maintain a hard line on the nuclear issueto the point that Tel Aviv would not consider it a victory to close the war without dismantling that Iranian capacity, which reduces the room for negotiation.

In that context, interprets the Iranian proposal as an attempt to de-escalate and buy time, postponing the most complex discussion. “Iran is probably seeking to de-escalate, because the nuclear negotiation is the most complex and it thinks it should be postponed. That is a point that, on Israel’s part, cannot be postponed.”he insists.

At the same time, Tucci indicates that the discreet US response to the 14-point plan would reflect an effort to reduce political and media pressure while reserved diplomatic contacts advance to find middle ground that will finally lead to an agreement.

“The attitude of the United States can be a positive thing: it means that diplomacy is working to find a middle ground,” explains.

However, Tucci warns that decisions such as the operation announced by Trump to escort ships that want to leave the Strait of Hormuz show a strategy of parallel pressurein a scenario where Washington still would not have a clear way out of the conflict.

“The United States does not appear to have a clear exit strategy at this time. The operation in Hormuz may be pressure, but also a sign that Washington is ready for another wave of attacks.”, anticipates.

For Tucci, The risk of a new escalation remains latent and the outcome will depend on whether the negotiations manage to gain enough time to avoid a major clash. amid possible global economic consequences, such as a large-scale energy crisis that could worsen in the coming months.

“It is quite difficult to reach an agreement in the short term. But if the war continues, it could trigger an energy crisis even worse than the previous ones”he concludes.